四种熏蒸剂对辣椒疫霉和南方根结线虫的毒力

The toxicity of four soil fumigants against Phytophthora capsici and Meloidogyne incognita

为明确不同熏蒸剂对土传病原菌辣椒疫霉Phytophthora capsici和南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita的毒力,采用密闭熏蒸法测定了4种土壤熏蒸剂氯化苦、棉隆、威百亩、1,3-二氯丙烯的毒力及1,3-二氯丙烯和氯化苦复配的联合毒力。结果表明:氯化苦、棉隆、威百亩、1,3-二氯丙烯对辣椒疫霉的EC50分别为0.12、2.44、8.30、8.45 mg/L;对南方根结线虫的EC50分别为1.23、0.22、0.30、0.18 mg/L。1,3-二氯丙烯和氯化苦以2∶1、1∶1、1∶2比例复配时对辣椒疫霉的EC50分别为1.13、0.24、0.14 mg/L;对南方根结线虫的EC50分别为0.19、0.32、0.61 mg/L。结合经济效益和多种病害兼治的原则,推荐使用1,3-二氯丙烯与氯化苦1∶1配比,可兼治辣椒疫病和根结线虫病。

The toxicity of four kinds of soil fumigants, chloropicrin, dazomet, metham sodium, and 1,3- dichloropropene, and the mixtures of the 1,3-diehloropropene and ehloropicrin against Phytophthora cap- sici and Meloidogyne incognita were detected using airtight fumigation. The results showed that the ECs0 values of the soil fumigants chloropicrin, dazoment, metham sodium and 1, 3-dichoropropene to P. capsi- ci were 0.12, 2.44, 8.30 and 8.45 mg/L. The ECs0 values of soil fumigants to M. incognita were 1.23, O. 22, 0.30 and O. 18 mg/L, respectively. The toxicity of the mixtures with the mixing ratios of 1, 3-di- choropropene and ehloropicrin as 2 ： 1, 1 ： 1 and 1 ： 2 against P. capsici were 1.13, O. 24 and O. 14 mg/L, respectively; the toxicity of the same mixing ratios against M. incognita were 0.19, 0.32 and 0.61 mg/L, respectively. The recommended mixing ratio of 1, 3-dichoropropene and chloropicrin was 1 ： 1, considering both the economic benefits and the principle of treating diseases.