2012年山东省小学生吸烟现状及影响因素调查

Prevalence and related risk factors on smoking among pupils in Shandong province

目的 了解山东省小学生吸烟状况及相关因素.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在山东省东、中、西部地区各抽取1个市（监测市）,每个市再随机抽取城乡小学各2所,使用自行编制的调查问卷,对3～6年级6050名小学生进行自填、匿名集体调查.结果 山东省小学生尝试吸烟率为6.0％,现在吸烟率为1.2％,初次吸烟平均年龄（7.8±2.1）岁；小学生中80.5％因好奇而吸烟,34.7％的香烟“取自家中”,74.3％表示能很容易买到香烟.非条件logistic分析显示,小学生吸烟行为的主要影响因素有男生、非独生子女、家人吸烟、见老师吸烟、同学吸烟、学习成绩不理想和地区差异等.结论 山东省小学生吸烟问题和控烟教育应引起足够重视,需采取积极措施进行有效干预.

Objective To study the prevalence of smoking and its influential factors among pupils in Shandong.Methods A multi-stage stratified-cluster random sampling method was used in the survey.6050 students from 3 different cities of Shandong province were selected as the study population.A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was designed and the survey was conducted by trained investigators.Results The rate of attempting smoking among pupils under study in Shandong province was 6.0% while the current smoking rate was 1.2%.The average age of children who initiated smoking cigarette was 7.8 ± 2.1 with 80.5% of them due to curiosity.34.7% of them got the cigarettes from their families.In terms of the motivation of buying cigarettes,74.3% of them claimed that the access to purchase was easy.Data from multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the smoking behavior of pupils was influenced by their familial or surrounding environments.Conclusion Tobacco control programs on pupils should be strengthened with more powerful control measures including health education.