经济学的科学特质与实验经济学的兴起和发展

Scientific Nature of Economics and the Rise and Development of Experimental Economics Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics

实验是人类认识和解释世界的重要工具,是科学理论的源泉,也是检验科学真理的手段。从广义科学的概念和自然科学的标准而言,经济学具有其科学特质,实验经济学是验证经济学理论科学性的重要途径,而传统经济学比较关注理论推导的完美,缺乏实验验证。为验证经济理论的科学性,经济学应借鉴自然科学的实验方法。但实验经济学作为一门新兴学科,一方面我们应对其抱有"宽容"的态度,另一方面也不能仅仅凭借几个经济学实验的结论而完全推翻已有的经济学理论。我们应有足够的耐心通过反复实验验证经济学理论的科学性并逐步发展之。

Experiments not only are an important tool in the process of human understanding and interpreting the world, but also are sources of scientific theories and means of testing scientific truth. Economics has its scientific characteristic form generalized scientific concepts and standards of the natural sciences. Experimental economics is an important means to verify the scientific of economics theory. However the traditional economics is focused on theoretical derivation, and lack of validation. In order to verify the scientific nature of economic theory, we should be guided by the experimental methods of natural science. In view of experimental economics is an emer- ging discipline. On the one hand we should hold a tolerant attitude to it. On the other hand we cannot completely overturn the conclusion for existing economic theory. We should have enough patience to constantly verify eco- nomic theory and promote its development.