医院泌尿道感染目标性监测及相关危险因素分析

Analysis of objective monitoring and related risk factors of urinary tract infection in hospital

目的探讨医院泌尿道感染及相关危险因素，为临床控制医院感染提供依据。方法选择该院2010年1月～2012年12月泌尿道感染患者160例，对其相关危险因素和病原茵进行统计分析。结果女性感染率为60．00％（96／160），高于男性40．00％（64／160）（P〈O．05）；且3个年龄段女性感染率均高于男性，差异有统计学意义（p〈O．05）；〉56岁感染率为52．50％（84／160），高于36～55岁33．12％（53／160）和〈35岁14．38％（23／160），且36～55岁感染率高于〈35岁患者，差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）；激素使用感染率为58．75％（94／160），高于没有使用41．25％（66／160）（P〈0．05）；78．75％（126／160）有尿道侵入性操作，高于无尿道侵入性操作21．25％（34／160）（p〈O．05）；尿管滞留时间≤3d、4～7d、8～14d和≥15d分别为5．00％（8／160）、16．88％（27／160）、22．50％（36／160）和34．38％（55／160），差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）；主要疾病由高到低依次为心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤疾病、泌尿系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和其他疾病。革兰阴性茵、革兰阳性茵和真菌感染率为56．25％（90／160）、36．25％（58／160）和7．50％（12／160），差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论院内泌尿道感染与性别、年龄、留置导尿及基础疾病有关，加强目标性监测，控制引起泌尿道感染的因素是减少院内感染的关键。

[Objective] To explore the related risk factors of urinary tract infection in hospital and provide the basis for clinical hospital infection control. [Methods] Datum of 160 cases of urinary tract infection from 2010 January to 2012 December was selected, then analyze the related risk factors and pathogenic bacteria. [Results] Female infection rate was 60% （96 / 160）, higher than that of the male 40% （64/160） （P〈 0.05）; and female infection rate of the different ages were higher than that of the males, there were significant difference （P〈0.05）; The infection rate of patients 〉56 years was 52.50% （84/160）, higher than 36-55 years old in 33.12% （53/160） and patients 〈35 years 14.38% （23/160）, and the infection rate of 36-55 years old was higher than patients 〈35 years, the difference was significant （P 〈0.05）; The infection rate of hormone use was 58.75% （94/160）, higher than that of ＂no＂ hormone use 41.25% （66/160） （P〈0.05）; 78.75% （126/160） with urethral invasive operation, higher than that of ＂no＂ urethral invasive operation 21.25% （34/160） （P〈 0.05）; The urinary retention time ≤3d, 4-7d, 8-14d and ≥lSd were 5.00% （8/160）, 16.88% （27/160）, 22.50% （36/160） and 34.38% （55/160）, the difference was significant （P〈0.05）; The main diseases from high to low were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, urinary system diseases, respiratory system diseases and other diseases. The infection rate of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungal were 56.25% （90/160）, 36.25% （58/160） and 7.50% （12/160）, the difference were significant （P 〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Urinary tract infection was related with sex, age, indwelling catheterization and underlying diseases. To strengthen the monitoring and control the factors of causing urinary tract infection were the keys to reducing infections.