我国各省区医疗卫生资源配置水平的比较研究

Comparative Study on Allocation Levels of Health Resources in Different Provinces of China

目的:通过比较中国31个省区的医疗卫生资源的人均配置水平,揭示各省区医疗资源配置特点及影响因素。方法:选取7个代表性指标,采用聚类分析方法,把31个省区的人均配置水平分成5个等级;根据5个等级,提出影响人均配置水平等级的影响因素,建立有序Probit模型并估计。结果:北京、上海、西藏分别属于第一、第四、第五等级,天津等7省区属于第二等级,河北等21省区属于第三等级;地区人均国民生产总值、家庭可支配收入等4个因素均显著影响人均配置水平。结论:经济发展与医疗资源的人均配置水平不均衡,政府卫生支出比重与人均医疗资源配置水平呈负向相关关系。

Objective： Through comparing per capita allocation level of health resources in 31 provinces of China, the characteristics and the influencing factors of health resource allocation in each province are reveled. Methods： Selecting 7 representative indexes and using cluster analysis methods to divide per capita allocation level of 31 provinces into 5 grades; the influencing factors of per capita allocation level are proposed based on 5 grades and the ordered Probit model is built and estimated. Results： Beijing, Shanghai and Tibet respectively marked the first, the fourth and the fifth grade, 7 provinces （including Tianjin） belong to the second grade, 21 provinces（including Hebei）belong to the third grade; four factors such as per capita GDP, family disposable income and so on all significantly affect per capita allocation level. Conclusion： Economic development and per capita allocation level of health resources are not balanced. The proportion of government health expenditure is negatively correlated with per capita allocation level of health resources.