高等教育公共投入影响因素的实证分析——基于OECD国家2000-2009年的面板数据

Empirical Analysis on the Influence Factors of Public Expenditure for Higher Education——Based on the panel data of OECD countries in 2000-2009

世界各国普遍将高等教育视为政府公共投入的重要领域之一。然而,现实中各国对高等教育的公共投入又是千差万别的。本研究尝试采用OECD国家2000-2009年的面板数据,研究影响这种差异的主要因素及其影响程度。实证分析结果显示:高等教育相对收入、生均经费、人口结构和财政支出比重四个变量对高等教育公共投入的影响都非常显著,其中,前三个变量与公共投入是负的相关性,而财政支出比重与公共投入则为正的相关性。也就是说,高等教育个人收益率越高、生均经费越高、适龄人口比例越高的国家,高等教育公共资金占总经费的比例越低;而财政支出比重越高的国家,高等教育公共资金所占比例则越高。

All the countries of the world regard higher education as one of the important fields of the government＇s public expenditure. However, higher education public expenditure of countries is also differ in thousands of ways in reality. The research attempts to study the main factors leading the differences and its influence through the analysis of panel data of OECD countries in the period of 2000-2009. Through empirical analysis, the following four variables have a significant impact on higher education public expenditure, that is relative earning of tertiary education, expenditure per students for tertiary education, rate of young people and public expenditure percentage of GDP. Among them, the first three variables have a negative correlation with the higher education public expenditure, while the proportion of public finance has a positive correlation with the higher education public expenditure. That is to say, the higher of the personal income of higher education, student＇s average expenditure, rate of school-age population, the lower proportion of higher education expenditure among total funds; while, the higher proportion of financial expenditure, the higher proportion of higher education expenditure of total funds.