韩民族“恨”的心理特征与韩国外交

The National Psyche of HAN and South Korea's Foreign Policy

民族心理对一个国家,尤其是单一民族国家的外交政策有着重要影响。韩国人一直主张自己是单一民族和单一民族国家,他们最重要的民族心理特征之一就是"恨",体现在韩国人的个人和国家、历史和当前、国际关系和人际关系等各个层次和各个方面。韩国人的民族遗恨包括受大陆民族欺压的千年之恨、受日本殖民的亡国之恨、被大国左右的60年分裂之恨,以及国家弱小之恨等。数十年来,韩国一直努力通过自我壮大、奉行事大主义、运用精神胜利法、外向型处理、推进统一等各种办法化解民族遗恨。但是,韩国人民族遗恨的最终消解不仅有赖于韩民族自身的发展壮大和在国际舞台上的成功,同时也有赖于地缘环境和周边大国态度的转变。

National psyche could have a tremendous impact on foreign policy,especially in single-nation states,as is in South Korea's characterization of itself.The most important national psyche of South Koreans is HAN,embodied in various levels and aspects from individuals to states,from the history to the present,and from international relations to interpersonal relations.For decades,South Korea has been trying various ways to alleviate the national HAN through self-strengthening,flunkeyism,spiritual victory,outward orientation,and promoting reunification.Nevertheless,the ultimate resolution of HAN does not only depend on the Korean nation's self-development and successes on the world stage,but also hinges upon the changes of geopolitical environment and the attitudes of neighboring major powers.