基于软权力的社会管理何以可能

Possibility of Social Governance based on Soft Power

权力构成社会管理的必备基础和前提条件,其中软权力是重要因素。从社会管理的发展脉络和现实需求来看,强调主客体双向互动、协商合作和心理认同的软权力,对社会管理的影响更为深刻、持久和深入。经验表明,开发软权力具有客观必然性和现实可能性。当前,硬权力的日趋捉襟见肘和软权力空间的急速扩大为后者在社会管理语境中的积极应用奠定了现实基础,而社会契约论、协商民主和协同政府理论则成为它的理论注脚。积极开发社会管理中的软权力,需要构建协商合作型社会管理体制和重构政府与社会之间的互信。

Power makes the essential foundation and prerequisite condition for social governance, of which soft power is an important factor. From the context of the development of social governance and practical demands, soft power that em- phasizes the two-way interaction of subjects and objects, consultation and cooperation, as well as psychological identity can influence social governance in a more profound, lasting and far-reaching manner. Experience has shown that the develop- ment of soft power has both objective necessity and practical possibility. Currently, the decreasing effect of hard power and the rapid expansion of soft power has paved the way for the positive application of the latter in social governance. Social contract theory and the theory of deliberative democracy and collaborative government have become its theoretical footnote. Active development of soft power in social governance requires the building of cooperative and negotiation-based social gov- ernance system and the restructuring of mutual trust between the government and society.