马礼逊《华英字典》与《诗经》的早期英译

The Translation of Shijing in Robert Morrison's A Dictionary of the Chinese Language

马礼逊的《华英字典》中有多处《诗经》的翻译,尚未引起《诗经》翻译研究者的重视。总结分析了《华英字典》中《诗经》翻译的情况,并分析了其参考文献系统及译文特点。《华英字典》中的《诗经》翻译多为《诗经》片段的翻译,翻译方法上多用直译;文体上采用了诗体翻译的方法,重视分行但不重视节奏和韵律;名物翻译多用音译,个别地方采用意译或加注的方法。马礼逊《华英字典》中的《诗经》翻译,上承威廉·琼斯对《诗经》的转译和介绍,下启理雅各对《诗经》的专业译介和研究,在《诗经》早期英译史上散发着独特的光芒。

There are lots of pieces of translation of Shijing in Robert Morrison's A Dictionary of the Chinese Language,which have not yet aroused the attentions of scholars.This paper summarizes the translation of Shijing in the above mentioned dictionary and explores Morrison's references for translation.The translation of Shijing in the dictionary are all fragments of Shijing,and the method of literal translation is mostly used.Morrison translates Shijing in the style of poems but pays little attention to rules of rhyming.The proper names in Shijing are transliterated and few are freely translated with notes.The translation of Shijing by Morrison,a translation work which fills the vacancy between William Jones' s translation and James Legge's translation of Shijing,has its special role in the history of Shijing translation.