从加里·斯奈德诗歌中“足迹”的意象透视其生态思想

On the Image of “Trail” in Gary Snyder's Poetry

作为美国当代杰出的生态诗人,加里·斯奈德以其诗作表达着他对整个地球生命的热爱和对人类美好生存境界的探索。阅读斯奈德的诗歌,读者会发现一些意象重复出现,传达着诗人独特的生态和文化思想。这些意象中尤为常见的一个便是"足迹"或译"踪迹"、"小路"(trail/track)。从斯奈德诗歌中"足迹"的意象说起,从生态批评的视角透视诗人的生态思想,并从三个方面来阐明:生物中心主义平等观,"地方意识"和对荒野与文明关系的思考。

As an outstanding eco-poet in contemporary America,Gary Snyder expresses his love for the whole planet and his pursuit of a better existence for human beings in his poetry. Reading his poems,one may notice the constant reappearance of some images which convey the poet's unique ecological and cultural thoughts. Among these images one of the most frequently seen is the image of trail /track,through which this paper attempts to explore the poet's ecological ideas from the perspective of eco-criticism and expound the ideas from three aspects: biocentric equality,'sense of place'as well as the relationship between wilderness and civilization.