民国初年“黑幕小说”的渊源流变与想象空间

Origin and Changes and Imagination Space of the “Shady” Novel during the Early Republic

"黑幕小说"是民国初年"鸳鸯蝴蝶派"小说的一支,曾有过一段相当繁荣的时期。对于这种突出的文学史现象,不应简单地否定和痛斥,而是应该腾出更多的讨论空间去研究它的生成与发展,讨论它的源流与想象空间问题:黑幕小说与中国古代小说中的"谤书"和晚清的谴责小说有什么渊源?它们之间的内在流变怎样?"黑幕小说"怎样由谤书发展到谴责小说,最后怎样发展为一种新型社会小说?这种小说以怎样的方式呈现?民初作家写作"黑幕小说"为何专注于北京官场和上海欢场?它为文学发展提供了哪些想象空间和成功的经验?还有哪些教训值得汲取?

The ＂shady＂ novel was a branch of the novels by the ＂Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School＂ （yuanyang hudie group） during the early Republic, with a quite flourishing period of their own. As to this kind of phenomenon in literary history, what is to be done is not to simply deny and denounce it, but to make more room to investigate its generation and development, and to discuss questions about its origin and imagination space： What has it to do with ＂slanderous writings＂ （bangshzz） in ancient Chinese novels and the satirical novels of the late Qing dynasty？ What are the changes among the three？ How has the ＂shady＂ novel developed into the satirical novel through ＂slanderous writings＂, and how has it finally developed into the new - type social novel？ How does it present itself？ Why do the Republican writers focus on Beijing officialdom and Shanghai brothel？ What imagination space and successful experience has it offered the development of literature？ What lessons are worth learning？ And so on and so forth.