肺炎支原体感染的研究进展

Recent Development on Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection

肺炎支原体是引起呼吸道感染的常见病原体之一。近年来,肺炎支原体感染的发病率呈逐年增长趋势。肺炎支原体是介于病毒和细菌之间的原核生物,传播途径是呼吸道飞沫或气溶胶。感染该疾病后主要表现为上呼吸道感染、鼻咽炎、支气管炎、肺炎及严重的肺外并发症,如免疫性溶血性贫血、脑膜脑炎、心肌炎、心包炎、肾炎,严重感染者甚至可导致死亡。肺炎支原体有很强的传染性,经常在儿童集居地及家庭成员中交叉感染,导致久治不愈。对支原体肺炎进行早期诊断不仅可以避免并发症的发生率,也可遏制其继续传播。本文就肺炎支原体感染的致病机制及检测方法的研究,探讨了其对于支原体肺炎的早期诊断和病程监测的意义,将研究现状及展望作一综述。

Mycoplasma pneumonia is one of the common pathogens that lead to respiratory tract infection. With the time passing by, the incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection increased rapidly. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a kind ofprokaryotes that located in the middle of viruses and bacteria with the transmissive route of respiratory droplets and aerosols. The symptoms of the disease were as follows： upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia with severe pulmonary complications, such as immune hemolytic anemia, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, or even death. With the hush infection, mycoplasma pneu- moniae was highly occurred on the areas that children and family yarded, and the disease was difficult to heal. Early diagnosis of my- coplasma pneumonia becomes more and more important with the advantages of decreasing the incidence of complications and preventing the spread ofmycoplasma pneumonia. In this paper, we aimed to reviewing and summing up the recent development of the diseases.