羊膜上皮细胞和羊膜间充质干细胞构建组织工程皮肤

Tissue-engineered skin construction with amniotic epithelial cells and amniotic mesenchymal stem cells

背景:由于人胎盘来源的间充质干细胞具有多方面的优点,近年来已成为干细胞研究的热点。目的:分析鉴定羊膜间充质干细胞和羊膜上皮细胞的生物学特性,探讨其作为皮肤种子细胞在三维气液培养构建组织工程皮肤中的应用情况。方法:用胰酶胶原酶多步消化法获取羊膜间充质干细胞和羊膜上皮细胞,通过流式细胞术、反转录-聚合酶链反应和免疫荧光染色技术,鉴定两种细胞的表面分子标记、干细胞特性、与皮肤角质形成细胞的相似性,并利用两种细胞为种子细胞以鼠Ⅰ型胶原为基质进行三维气液培养。结果与结论:①流式细胞术检测体外培养羊膜间充质干细胞和羊膜上皮细胞均高表达CD90、CD73、CD105,不表达造血干细胞标志CD34以及MHC-Ⅱ类分子HLA-DR。②反转录-聚合酶链反应检测到羊膜间充质干细胞表达干细胞特性基因CMCY和NANOG,羊膜上皮细胞表达干细胞特性基因CMCY和KLF4,两种细胞均有干细胞特性。③反转录-聚合酶链反应检测羊膜间充质干细胞表达皮肤角质形成细胞特性基因K19、β1-integrin、K8,羊膜上皮细胞表达K19、β1-integrin、K5、K8,免疫荧光染色见羊膜上皮细胞表达与角质形成细胞增殖相关的的特性蛋白K14,说明羊膜上皮细胞与皮肤角质形成细胞更具相似性,在特定条件下更易于分化为皮肤角质形成细胞。④利用两种细胞成功构建组织工程皮肤,苏木精-伊红染色切片显示其具有一定的皮肤结构,且羊膜上皮细胞发生了初步分化。以上结果说明羊膜间充质干细胞与羊膜上皮细胞通过三维培养构建人皮肤组织是可行的。

BACKGROUND： Placenta mesenchymal stem cells have become hot spots in stem cells study in recent years because of its advantages. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the biological characteristics of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells, and to explore the feasibility of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells applied as seed cells in three-dimensional liquid culture to construct the tissue-engineered skin. METHODS： The amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells were obtained by using multi-step digestion with trypsin and coilagenase; then the flow cytometry, reverse transcription-PCR and immunofluorescent staining techniques were adopted to identify the surface molecular markers stem cell characteristics and keratinocytes similarity respectively. Based on these data, amniotic mesenchymal stem cellsand amnion epithelial cells used as seed cells together with rat type ] collagen matrix were adopted for three-dimensional liquid culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Flow cytometry test showed that amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells cultured in vitro could highly express CD90, CD73 and CD105, and could not express the hemopoietic stem cell marker of CD34 and MHC-class Ⅱ molecular HLA-DR. Reverse transcription-PCR results detected that amniotic mesenchymal stem cells could express stem cell characteristic genes CMCY and NANOG; amnion epithelial cells could express stem cell characteristic genes CMCY and KLF4, showing that both amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells have stem cell properties. Reverse transcription-PCR results showed that amniotic mesenchymal stem cells could express keratinocytes characteristic genes K19, 191-integrin and K8; amnion epithelial cells could express K19, β1-integrin, K5 and K8. Immunofluorescence staining results showed amnion epithelial cells could express keratinocytes proliferation related protein K14, which revealed that there was certain similarity in the mRNA expression between keratinocytes and amnion epithelial cells, and indicating that it has the potential to differentiate into keratinocytes. Tissue-engineered skin was successfully constructed by using amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amnion epithelial cells, hematoxylin-eosin staining section showed that it has certain skin structure, and amnion epithelial cells had a preliminary differentiation. All these prove that it is feasible to construct human skin tissues with amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and amniotic epithelial cells through the three-dimensional culture.