军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我性别、年级特点研究

Gender and grade characteristics of social,academic,and physical self in military college students

目的研究军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我的性别、年级特点。方法整群抽取某军校一至四年级大学生930名,采用大学生社会自我问卷、青少年一般学业自我量表、青少年身体自我量表为测试工具。结果①军校大学生社会自我的发展整体水平较高,男生与女生在人际威信、陌生人关系、团体地位、师生关系、异性同学关系、角色体验6个维度上存在显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),各年级在10个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01)。②军校大学生的学业自我发展状况良好,男生与女生在各维度上未见显著差异(P>0.05),各年级在4个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01),呈现大二>大三>大四>大一的发展特点。③军校大学生身体自我的发展整体水平较高,男生与女生在运动特征、身材特征维度上存在显著差异(P<0.01),各年级在5个维度上均达到显著差异(P<0.01)。④不同年级、不同性别的军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我在总均分上达到显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论不同性别、年级的军校大学生社会、学业和身体自我的发展有差异,应因材施教以取得最好的发展。

Objective To investigate the gender and grade characteristics of social,academic and physical self in military college students.Methods A total of 930 students were selected by cluster sampling from grade 1 to grade 4 of a military university.The undergraduate ＇ social self questionnaire,adolescent general academic self scale,adolescent physical self scale were used as the testing tools.Results The overall level of social self development was quite high in the military college students.There were significant differences in the 6 factors,interpersonal authority,stranger relations,status in group,relation between teachers and students,relation with opposite sex accompaniers,role experience between male and female students（P 0.05,P0.01）,and significant differences were also found in 10 factors among different grades（P0.01）.The academic self development was also high in the military college students.No difference was found in academic self development between different genders（P0.05）,but significant differences were seen among different grades（P0.01）,the development of sophomorejuniorseniorfreshman.The physical self development was high in these students.There was significant gender difference in the sports features and body characteristic dimension（P0.01）.There were significant differences in the 5 dimensions among all grades（P 0.01）.The total score of social,academic and physical self in military college students were significant different between different gender and among all grades（P0.05,P0.01）.Conclusion The social,academic and physical self development are different between different gender and among different grades in military college students.So students should be individualized in order to obtain the best development.