新疆天山北坡平原区地下水可开采量确定方法浅析

Methods for determining groundwater exploitation amount in plain areas of northern slope of Tianshan Mountains

在天山北坡以选取的典型区昌吉市和阜康市为例,利用动态相关法、典型流域开采模型法、可开采系数法分析确定地下水可开采量。对这3种方法分别分析了其计算过程中的制约因素,并将计算的结果和以往成果进行了比较。结果表明:动态相关法计算结果准确度较高,成果可靠性高,且在以往的新疆地下水资源评价成果中,至今还未采用过,故推荐动态相关法为新疆天山北坡平原区地下水可开采量确定方法的首选。

How to more accurately determine groundwater exploitation amount, realize sustainable use of groundwater resources, based on the methods of dynamic correlation, model of mining and recoverable coefficient, the paper took Changji and Fukang City, Xinjiang, China as an example to analyze and determine groundwater exploitation amount. With the many year dynamic observation data of average groundwater level and annual extraction volume, the dynamic correlation method was employed to analyze underground water＇ s dynamic changes, determine the re- coverable amount; Model of mining method in typical watershed resulted from reference to a book of ＂Xinjiang groundwater resources＂, that is, the numerical groundwater model was applied to evaluate groundwater resources of the Sangong River Basin in Fukang City, and derive the calculation method of groundwater exploitation amount. The groundwater exploitation amount = stability （natural） lateral groundwater recharge ＋ Min [ 17 % of introduction sur- face water volume, and 38 % of watershed transformation recharge volume]. Recoverable coefficient method was used to determine the recoverable amount with the help of the selected recoverable coefficients. The three methods＇ constraints in the calculation process was analyzed, espectively, with a comparison of the results with previous years＇ ones. The thrust reverser values is less than 0.8, the two methods determining the recoverable amount are scientific and reasonable, and their results is more accurate. Because of more restricted factors in the calculation process of groundwater exploitation amount in typical watershed, the results of dynamic correlation method were recommended. The groundwater exploitation amounts in Changji City and Fukang City are 16 817×10^4m^3 and 9 373×10^4m^3, Especially. In the previous groundwater resources evaluation in Xinjiang, still did not use the dynamic correlation method, and its restrict factors to the accuracy of the calculate results are less, the accuracy and reliability of calculation results are higher. When determining the methods of groundwater exploitation amount in plain areas on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, the dynamic correlation method should be the first choice.