玉北地区深部地层扭力冲击器提速工艺

Research on the torsion impact generator for speeding up drilling in deep formation of Yubei area

新疆玉北地区古生界沙井子组地层埋深4000 m以上，岩石强度高；加之泥质岩含量高、塑性强，地层可钻性较差，提速困难。前期实践表明，沙井子组高塑性地层牙轮钻头的纵向冲击压碎破岩效果不佳，常规PDC钻头钻井反扭矩大，易产生“黏滑”现象，破岩效率低。为提高机械钻速，降低钻井综合成本，引入了国外的新型钻井提速工具--TorkBuster扭力冲击器，并通过匹配个性化PDC钻头、提高钻井液排量、合理控制钻压等配套技术措施，大幅度地提高了平均机械钻速。“PDC钻头＋螺杆钻具”、“孕镶PDC石钻头＋涡轮钻具”和“PDC钻头＋扭力冲击器”3种钻井工艺的现场试验结果表明，扭力冲击器提速效果明显，平均机械钻速为6.42 m/h，与前期相比机械钻速提高了2~3倍。扭力冲击器钻井克服了深井高强度塑性地层的钻井难题，可进一步推广应用。

Due to the great burying depth, larger than 4000m, and hard Shajingzi formation with strong abrasiveness and poor drill-ability in Yubei area of Xinjiang Province, it is hard to speed up drilling operation, Previous practice shows that the cone bits have a poor impact on the Shajingzi formation and the conventional PDC bit has high anti-torque, so it is easy to produce“stick-slip”phenomenon. Finally, the rock breaking is inefifcient. In order to improve the penetration rate and reduce the cost, TorkBuster torsion impact generator with a personalized PDC bit is recommended. The three drilling technologies,＂PDC bit＋screw drill tool＂,＂diamond bit＋turbine tool＂and＂torsion impact generator＋PDC bit”, are discussed in the paper. The results show that torsion impact generator is more effective than other drilling technologies, with the average rate up to 6.42m/h, 200%-300%higher than earlier stage. The torsion impact generator overcomes the deep drilling problems in the high-strength plastic formations. It should be widely applied.