裂隙网络模型在地下水数值模拟中的应用研究进展

Study progresses in fracture network models for numerical groundwater simulations

地下水在裂隙介质中的渗流和运移过程与在多孔介质中的过程存在机理上的差别,这与裂隙系统的尺度效应和非均质性有关,这也给数值模拟带来困难。采用裂隙网络模型可以对发生在不同尺度上的渗流和运移过程进行模拟,从而有效地解决以上存在的问题。构建裂隙网络模型的方法主要有体视学方法和随机模拟方法。按照假设条件和概念框架的不同,裂隙网络模型主要可分为连续体模型、离散裂隙模型和混合模型,在应用过程中可根据研究区的实际情况选择合适的模型。本文在对已有成果进行综合论述的基础上,指出其中存在的不足和需要改进之处,从而为以后的进一步研究指明方向。

There are essential differences in the mechanism between the fluid flow and transport processes in fractured geological media and that in porous media, which is concerned with the scales and heterogeneities in the fractured system. The heterogeneities and scale effects increase the difficulties of numerical simulation. Fracture network models （FNM） can be used to simulate the fluid flow and transport processes over a range of scales, which can be applied through the stereological methods and stochastic simulations. Based on the different hypotheses and conceptual frameworks, FNM can be classified mainly into three types： continuum models, discrete fracture models and hybrid models, which provide the optional applications according to the in-situ properties. In this paper, the recent advances in FNM for numerical groundwater simulation are reviewed, and its disadvantages and future development are discussed, which provide a way for the further study.