高寒区旱地玉米不同覆盖方式的生态效应

The Ecological Effect of Different Mulching Methods on Arid Corn in Cold Area

:1993～ 1997年 ,在高寒区旱地采取地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、下铺秸秆上覆地膜等覆盖方式 ,与传统耕作不覆盖进行比较 ,研究了其对产量及生态效应的影响。结果表明 ,下铺秸秆上覆地膜处理可有效克服单纯覆盖消耗地力过重和单纯整秸秆覆盖又导致地温下降的弊病 ,能显著提高玉米单产。原因主要是有效地调节了地温 ,延长了生育期 ;提高了土壤的贮水能力和降水利用效率 ;土地用养结合 ,水、肥。

A study on ecological effect and yields of contrasting plastic film mulching, straw mulching, straw mulching under plastic film with conventional farming in 1993～1997. The results showed that mulching with straw under plastic film could effectively overcome the drawbacks of depleting more soil fertility by mulching plastic film only and causing decrease of soil temperature by whole straw mulching only, and increase corn yield markedly. The reasons were that it could effectively adjust soil temperature, prolong the growing period; and increase the soil's ability of water-keeping and precipitation utilization. All this helped to lay a solid foundation for high yields of arid corn in cold area.