运用影响行为的交流模式制定青海5县母子健康促进策略

Formulation of maternal and child health promotion strategies with communication- for- behavioral- impact in five counties of Qinghai province

目的：了解青海省5县农村、牧业地区母子健康主要行为问题，分析其影响因素及可利用资源，为制定适应于当地的母子健康促进策略提供科学依据。方法：运用影响行为的交流模式，采用小组访谈和个人深入访谈相结合的方法，访谈5县准备怀孕妇女、孕妇、0～3岁儿童的母亲及其家人396人，部分乡镇妇幼卫生人员66人，总共访谈462人，收集资料并对访谈结果进行归纳分析。结果：在多种妇幼健康相关行为中，当地农村、牧区孕妇不做产前检查、6月内婴儿没有纯母乳喂养、不住院分娩是最为突出的行为问题，其主要影响因素有基层妇幼卫生服务能力、目标人群健康保健意识、当地传统习俗、交通因素等。结论：应该努力提高基层妇幼卫生服务能力和可及性，促进当地政府出台相关支持性政策，开展面对面健康教育、同伴教育等活动，改变当地不良传统观念，促进农村、牧区群众健康相关行为的形成。

Objective： To understand the main behavioral problems of maternal and child health in rural areas and pastoral areas of Qinghai province, analyze the influencing factors and the available resources, provide a scientific basis for formulating maternal and child health promotion strategies adapting to local areas. Methods： Communication - for - behavioral - impact （COMBI） was used in the study, 396 women wanting to get pregnancy, pregnant women, the mothers whose children were 0 -3 years old, the family members, and 66 vil- lage/township maternal and child health care staff were interviewed by group interview combined with in - depth individual interview ; the da- ta were collected and the interview results were concluded and analyzed. Results ： Among various maternal and child health - related behav- iors, not receiving prenatal examination in local rural areas and pastoral areas, non - pure breastfeeding within six months after birth, not giving birth to their babies in hospital were the most dominant behavioral problems, the main influencing factors included local maternal and child health care service ability, health care consciousness of target population, local traditional customs and traffic factors. Conclusion： The local maternal and child health care service ability and accessibility should be improved, the related supportive strategies should be car- ried out by local government department, face - to - face health education and peer education should be conducted, the local traditional cus- toms and concepts should be changed, and the formation of health related behaviors of population in rural areas and postoral areas should be promoted.