不同肥源对白菜品质及土壤氮素含量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizers on Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Soil Nitrogen Content

在大田试验条件下,研究了不同施肥处理下白菜中硝酸盐累积量的变化及土壤中氮素的变化趋势。结果表明:过量施用氮肥会造成表层土壤氮素累积,增加土壤中氮素的淋溶、流失及污染地下水的风险。过量施肥、常规施肥和减量施肥3个纯化肥处理的白菜中硝酸盐含量分别比对照高出57.39%、56.43%和32.28%(P<0.05)。有机肥配施化肥、有机肥配施磷钾肥及单施有机肥3个处理的白菜中维生素C和可溶性糖含量要高于纯施化肥处理的,且硝酸盐含量也相对偏低。有机肥、化肥进行合理配施,既能有效提高蔬菜品质,又可最大限度防止菜地土壤中氮素的淋溶、流失,保护农业生态环境。

A field plot experiment was carried oul to study the nitrate nitrogen content of Chinese cabbage and the nitrogen content of the soil under different fertilizer treatments. The results indicated that excessive fertilization could increase the nitrogen content in topsoil,results in the eluviations of the nitrogen in the soil,and improve the risk of nitrate polluted ground water. The nitrate content of Chinese cabbage trader the excessive fertilization,normal fertilization and reduction fertilizer treatment increased 57.39%, 56.43% and 32.28% （P〈0.05） respectively than that in the controlled treatment. The content of VC and soluble sugar under the organic fertilizer treatments was higher than that under the chemical fertilizer treatment,and the nitrate content was also at the low level. The treatment of combination of chemical fertilizer and organic manure could improve the quality of the Chinese cabbage,and it also could prevent the soil nitrogen from eluviation.