政府购买公共服务的机制比较及其优化研究——以长三角城市居家养老服务为例

The Government's Procurement Mechanisms of Public Services:Comparison and Optimization

通过归纳梳理沪、苏、浙等长三角地区政府购买居家养老服务的实践经验,本文划分出政府向准社会组织、向社会组织、向市场组织非竞争购买及向各类组织竞争性购买四种运行机制,四类机制在购买程序、购买方式、服务主体、政府职能、运行绩效及存在问题等方面存在一定差异。在深入比较的基础上,结合多学科理论,阐明地方政府优化公共服务购买机制的关键点及其实现条件。由点及面,最终提出完善城市公共服务政府购买机制的对策措施,以确保机制运行的公平性、有效性和持续性。

This paper summarizes four competitive mechanisms that local governments procure home-based cares from social organi- zations, quasi social organizations, monopolistic private organizations, and private competitive organizations in the Yangtze River Delta re- gion. There exist some differences in the procurement procedure, the transaction method, the target customer, the government function the operation performance, and the potential disadvantage among these four procurement mechanisms. We illustrate keys and precondi- tions for local governments to optimize the procurement mechanism of public services. And finally we give polices to improve the public- service procurement mechanism for the fairness, the efficiency and the sustainability of public services.