此花不与群花比——从宋人对李清照的评价看宋代女性教育

This Flower Never Competed with Others——On Woman Education in the Song Dynasty through Its Evaluation on Li Qingzhao

宋人对李清照评价不一。通过梳理可以发现,宋代文人对这位"本朝第一"的女性词人的看法围绕着品评其诗、词、收藏、再嫁四个方面。而评价的差异中又有着一定的共识。从中即可窥见宋人对女性教育的一些基本看法:他们认可女性知书达理,甚至文采粲然,但却不满意女性涉足男性领域,过于张扬。理想的女性应该止步闺房,她们的职责是担任家庭的贤妻良母,而不是追逐自我的幸福。李清照的个性,应该看成是宋代女性教育过渡期间的特例。

The evaluations on Li Qingzhao by the scholars of Song Dynasty were not always the same. By combing them, it can be found that the comments on this First Female Poet of the Song Dynasty were often about her poems, word, collection, and marriage. There were some similarities in these different evaluations, which can be taken as the criteria of women＇ s basic education in Song Dynasty： knowledgeable and graceful, but unable to be in the male field; responsible as a wife and a mother, but unable to pursue her personal happiness; The personality of Li Qingzhao was regarded as a special case in the transition period of Song Dynasty.