食品安全监管的国际经验比较及其路径选择研究——一个最新文献评介

Study on the Comparison and Path Selection of International Experience in Food Safety Supervision: a Review of the Latest Literature

食品安全监管是近年来社会关注的焦点与热点之一。通过对食品安全监管国际经验研究成果的评述,发现已有文献主要集中在监管模式、制度特点、机制设计与具体的惩罚机制等问题上。多数学者指出,我国的食品安全监管制度存在诸多弊端和漏洞,与发达国家相比仍需机构改革和制度创新。完善我国的食品安全监管制度,必须加强立法,健全食品安全监管的法律制度保障,实行"垂直监管"和"集中监管"。具体来说,需要在监管理念、监管制度与监管机制方面进行积极探索和创新,加强供应链环节的食品安全监管,建立第三方检测体系,特别是应加大对违法企业的处罚力度,增强地方政府监管的责任,在政府、企业和消费者之间构建一种利益平衡的监管机制。

Recent years,food safety regulation is one of the focus and hot spot in academia.Based on the literature of food safety about supervision experience,this paper found that the research mainly focused on the problem of supervision mode, system characteristics, and design and punishment mechanism of food safety. However, there were many drawbacks and loopholes in our supervision system of food safety, many areas are needed to improvement if compared with developed countries.To improve the food safety supervision system, our country should strengthen the legislation to enhance the legal system of food safety supervision and change the ＂sub-regulation＂ for ＂vertical supervision＂ or centralized supervision model. Specifically, we need to innovate the food safety supervision mechanism, utilize the supply chain and set up the third party inspection system, especially to increase the penalties for illegal enterprises, strengthen the oversight responsibility of local government and balance of interests between government enterprises and consumers to improve our regulatory system.