城镇居民内部收入差距的影响因素与应对措施研究

The Affecting Factors and Solution Measurements of Incoming Gap among Urban Residents

当前我国居民间的收入差距扩大并不仅限于城乡之间,伴随着城市人口占总人口的比重不断上升,城市居民内部的收入差距也在日益扩大。我国城镇居民内部收入差距的扩大,受经济发展自身规律、市场化发育不充分、城市化、行业差异、政府再分配调控机制不完善等多种因素的影响。对此,本文认为:我国当前必须不断增加就业岗位,并提高居民收入在国民收入中的比重,提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重;培育并健全劳动力市场和资本市场;加快小城镇的建设;加强市场竞争,削弱行业垄断;充分发挥政府的再分配作用,完善个人所得税制度和社会保障制度,以缩小城镇居民内部的收入差距。

Currently the growing income gap is not only between urban and rural, with the proportion of urban population to total population constantly rising, the incoming gap among urban residents is growing day by day. The growing income gap in our country is affected by various factors, which are economic development laws, insufficient growth of the market, ur- banization, the industry difference, imperfect government redistribution dispatching mechanism and so on. Withal , we should invest and create more jobs at home and enlarge the quote of labor reward among the distribution pattern. Cultivating market for labor and capital market is necessary. It is imperative to strengthen market competition and weaken trade monop- olies. We also should give full play to government＇s macro-control and personal income tax system efforts. Accelerate per- fecting the social security system of our country. Only in this way can we shorten the urban residents＇ income gap.