超宽带昆虫雷达系统的无源定位仿真研究

Simulation of Passive Location for Detecting Insect Based on UWB Radar System

针对昆虫生态学中低空飞行昆虫监测的工程需要,提出了基于超宽带雷达的无源监测方法,设计了静止的单站与双站配合的监测方案。该方法采用对数周期偶极天线环形阵,引入宽带信号空间谱估计算法,获取低空飞行昆虫的方位信息;然后通过改进三维运动目标的单站无源定位技术和简化双站系统相应的无源定位公式,从而获取低空飞行昆虫的速度和距离信息。仿真分析过程首先设计了仿真实验有源测试系统,然后利用单站无源定位技术对非径向匀速直线飞行昆虫的监测定位问题进行了仿真研究,最后仿真分析了利用双站无源定位技术对径向匀速直线飞行昆虫的监测定位问题。仿真结果与理论要求一致,可望为具体工程应用提供重要的理论依据。

In order to study the flying insect of low altitude in radar entomology, the passive location method was proposed based on ultra wide band （UWB） radar. The design of single-station cooperated with bistation was discussed. A circular array of log-periodic dipole antennas （LPDA） was used for receiver. The direction of arrival about insects flying at low altitude was obtained by the corresponding algorithms of spatial spectrum estimation of wide band signal. Then the technology of single-station and bistation passive location were respectively modified and simplied to get the velocity and distance of three-dimensional moving target. Firstly, the simulation experiment system was designed to test the target irradiated by placed emitters. Secondly, the detection for flying insect with irradical and uniform velocity was simulated and analyzed by the technology of single-station passive location. Finally, according to the technology of bistation passive location, the simulation of detection for flying insect with radical and uniform velocity was performed. Experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. It is hopeful that these conclusions can offer help for the application of insect detection.