内蒙古2011年饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析

Surveillance results of Drinking-water type endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia in 2011

目的了解内蒙古自治区饮水型氟中毒病区改水工程运行情况和病情变化趋势,评价防控措施效果。方法在全自治区抽取10个监测旗（县）,每个监测旗（县）抽取10个改水工程,调查改水工程运行情况,监测改水工程水氟含量;每个监测旗（县）抽取3个病区村作为固定监测村,监测饮水氟含量及8~12岁学生氟斑牙患病情况。结果共监测改水工程94个,正常运转、间歇运转和报废工程分别占89.36%、10.64%、0,水氟含量合格率为77.66%。在23个已改水村中,改水工程水氟合格率为43.48%,儿童氟斑牙检出率为32.80%;在7个未改水村中,水氟浓度〉1.2 mg/L且≤2.0 mg/L、〉2.0 mg/L且≤4.0 mg/L、〉4.0 mg/L的村分别占未改水监测村的42.86%、28.57%、14.29%,儿童氟斑牙检出率为36.84%。结论本区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区改水工程运行情况还需改善,氟中毒病情得到了有效的控制,但防治工作还需要进一步加强。

Objectives To understand the operational aspect of water improvement projects and the trend of epidemic situation changes in drinking water type fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures.Methods Ten surveillance banners（counties） were extracted from the whole autonomous region,and 10 water improvement projects were selected from each surveillance banner（county）,operational aspect of water improvement projects of these points was investigated,and fluoride content of the water improvement projects was detected;Three villages were extracted as fixed monitoring villages from each surveillance banner（county）.Fluoride content of drinking water and dental fluorosis of students aged from 8 to 12 years old were examined.Results A total of 94 water improvement projects were investigated,projects with normal operation,intermittent operation and scrap accounted for 89.36%,10.64%,and 0%.The qualification rate of water fluoride content was 77.66%.The qualification rate of water fluoride in water improvement projects was 43.48% which was calculated from 23 villages with improved water.The detection rate of the children’s dental fluorosis was 32.80%.Water fluoride content was more than 1.2 mg / L but less than 2.0 mg / L,and more than 2.0 mg / L but less than 4.0 mg / L,and more than 4.0 mg / L,accounting for 42.86%,28.57% and 14.29% respectively in the 7 unimproved water villages,and detection rate of the children’s dental fluorosis was 36.84%.Conclusion The operation of water improvement projects of our region needed to be improved,the fluorosis had been controlled effectively,but prevention and control work still need to be further strengthened.