地方信仰与国家认同——基于粤琼地区妈祖信仰的考察与研究

Local Religion and National Identity——A Case Investigation and Study on Mazu Belief in Guangdong-Hainan Region

妈祖信仰起源于福建莆田湄洲岛,宋代是其发展的初级阶段,先后有乡土渔民、各地海商和地方士绅官宦等不同群体加入信仰妈祖的群体之中,并成功地进行了自下而上的等级扩散,最终妈祖信仰获得了官方的认可。官方根据实际需要对乡土化的妈祖信仰进行了标准化重构,并与民间达成了契合,实现了对国家权力的认同。

The belief of Mazu originates from Meizhou island of Putian in Fujian Province, which developed initially in Song Dynasty. There have been local fishermen, sea merchants from various places and local gentry officials who successively joined in the group believing in Mazu and successfully carried out bottom-up hierarchical diffusion, so Mazu belief eventually gained official recognition. According to the actual needs, the authority conducted the standardized reconstruction of local Mazu belief and soon reached a fit with the folk, and achieve the recognition of state power.