基于模式搜索的风能最大功率跟踪控制

Maximum power point tracking control of wind energy based on pattern search

针对传统风能最大功率跟踪控制方法难以实现实际输出功率最大化或无法兼顾跟踪速度和精度等问题,提出了一种新的跟踪控制方法。依据当前风速以及风力机特性曲线,采用叶尖速比控制实现风能捕获最大化,利用模式搜索法搜索并获得系统最大输出功率点,通过设计模糊PID控制器实现系统对给定参考转速的快速跟踪。该方法将模式搜索法与叶尖速比控制法有机结合,既具有叶尖速比控制原理简单、容易实现的特点,又具有模式搜索法收敛快、精度高等优点。仿真和试验结果表明,该方法可实现输出功率的最大化,有效提高了系统的风能利用率。以风速为6.7 m·s-1时为例,系统输出功率相比于单纯采用叶尖速比控制时提高了约4.8%。

In order to solve the problems that traditional wind energy maximum power point tracking （MPPT） approa ches couldn＇t achieve maximum real output power or meet both rapidity and accuracy at the same time, a novel MPPT approach was proposed. According to current wind speed and characteristic curve of wind turbine, the maximum wind power was captured by using tip speed ratio （TSR） control. Then the maximum power point was searched and acquired by using pattern search. Fuzzy PID control was adopted to make that the reference speed was fast tracked. It combined TSR control and pattern search algorithm effectively, and had the advantages in simplicity, searching speed and precision. Simulation and experimental results showed that the maximum output power could be achieved, and the wind energy con version efficiency was increased. For example, the output power was increased by 4. 8% while wind speed was 6. 7 m . s^ -1