20世纪西方语言批评视域下的话语分析

Discourse Analysis and Western Linguistic Criticism of the 20th Century

随着语言研究与文学理论、文化研究的不断发展与深入,话语分析在20世纪西方文论、文学批评及文化研究中的地位日益突出,并最终成为当今文学、文化批评和历史解读的最重要的理论武器之一。话语分析作为一种文学批评方法的发展历程与特征,展示了其与20世纪前期西方语言形式批评的关系。自20世纪西方文学研究出现"语言学转向"以来,语言批评经历了一个从前期对"语言形式"的关注转变到后期关注"语言文化"的发展变化过程。

With the development and further study of language, literary theory and cultures, discourse analysis has been getting more and more attention in the 20th western literary theory and criticism, and cultural study. Discourse analysis, consequently, has turned out to be one of the most important theoretical methods to interpret literary, cultural and historical texts. This paper aims to make a survey of how discourse analysis as a literary critical way develops and of how it is charac- terized, therefore to reveal the relationship between discourse analysis and western linguistic criticism in the early 20th centu- ry. However, linguistic criticism has undergone a change fi＇om ＂linguistic form＂ in the early 20th century to the ＂linguistic culture＂ in the late 20th centtaT since ＂linguistic turn＂ happened in western literary studies in the 20th century.