古上声在内陆闽语的演变

On the Changes of MC Shangsheng Tone in Mainland Min Dialect

中古四声在闽北方言的今读与古今声母的类型存在着制约关系,同属内陆闽语的闽中方言也有所体现。考察中古上声在内陆闽语的演变:首先统计各方言今读声调的字音数的分布比例,把握古上声在方言中的演变大势;然后以声母今读保留浊音的石陂方言为纲,依古声母清、全浊和次浊三类顺序,从文读和白读两个层面分别加以考察,以明晰古上声在内陆闽语今读调类的文白层次与对应情况,并勾画文白层次的分布特征,追索其在相关历史文献中的反映。

The four tones of Middle Chinese now read in northern Min dialect with the type of ancient and modem initial have the restriction relations, the dialect also embodies to some extent in central Min dialect, both belong to mainland Min dialect. This paper examines the changes of shangsheng tone in Middle Chinese taken place in mainland Min dialect. Firstly, the distributions of the syllable numbers of different tones in nowadays Min dialect are carefully calculated in order to have an overview of the main trend of changing. Secondly, the literary layer and the colloquial layer, following the order of MC voiceless initials, MC voiced initials and semi-voiced initials, are investigated mainly in Shipei dialect, which still maintains MC voiced initials. Consequently, the literary layer and the colloquial layer of shangsheng tone in Middle Chinese taken place in mainland Min dialect which tone be read now and the corresponding situation of its own should be cleared, while describing the distribution characteristics of the literary layer and the colloquial layer and recovering whose reporting in the relevant historical documents.