虎杖膏预防高渗药液致兔耳缘静脉炎的实验研究

Experimental study on giant knotweed cream for prevention of inflammation of rabbit ear vein induced by intravenously administered hypertonic solution

目的探讨虎杖膏对高渗药液所致静脉炎的防护作用。方法将24只新西兰成年大耳白兔随机分为三组各8只,均于耳缘静脉留置静脉留置针,采用20%甘露醇2.5mL/kg静脉输注制作动物模型。输注20%甘露醇前,虎杖膏组采用虎杖膏局部外敷、乙醇组采用75%乙醇外敷、空白对照组无干预。连续给药3d后通过肉眼观察及光镜下分析评价各组耳缘静脉及周围组织病理损伤程度。结果第1～3天三组发生静脉炎的严重程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),虎杖膏组、乙醇组静脉炎严重程度轻于空白对照组;3d时三组的病理损伤程度比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),虎杖膏组、乙醇组在血管内皮细胞肿胀、血管周围水肿、炎细胞浸润、血栓形成4个方面轻于空白组,虎杖膏组与乙醇组比较,在炎细胞浸润、血栓形成方面差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论虎杖膏、乙醇外敷可有效防治甘露醇所致静脉炎,虎杖膏外敷防护效果优于乙醇。

Objective To observe the phlebitis-preventing effect of giant knotweed cream.Methods Totally,24 adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups,with 8 rabbits in each group.All the rabbits were injected with a dose of 2.5mL/kg of 20% mannitol solution into the ear vein to build up animal models of experimental phlebitis.Then the 3 groups respectively receive topical giant knotweed cream(the giant knotweed group),wet wrap with 75% alcohol(the alcohol group),or nothing(the control group),for 3 consecutive days.Pathological damage of ear veins and the peripheral tissue of all rabbits were analyzed and evaluated after 3 days through naked eyes and a microscope.Results The severity of phlebitis at the ear veins in the 3 groups had significant differences on the 1st,2nd,and 3rd day(P<0.05,P<0.01),with the giant knotweed group and the alcohol group milder than the control group.Degree of pathological damage in the 3groups had significant differences on the 3rd day.The giant knotweed group and the alcohol group presented milder vascular endothelial cell swelling,perivascular edema,inflammatory cells infiltration and thrombosis than the control group,and the giant knotweed group had milder inflammatory cells infiltration and thrombosis than the alcohol group(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion Topical application of giant knotweed cream or alcohol is effective in prevention and treatment of the mannitol-induced phlebitis,with giant knotweed cream outcompeting alcohol.