铁道车辆脱轨评估的安全标准

Safety Criteria for Evaluation of Railway Vehicle Derailment

阐述了铁道车辆脱轨评估的安全标准。在准静态车轮爬轨的情况下 ,现用的安全标准是有效的。最近对运行在高速线上的新干线车辆负载波动大的车轮进行了观察 ,但是在特定条件下对动态脱轨还没有制定评估方法。在通过对动态脱轨现象进行计算机仿真研究的基础上 ,建议利用 Y/Q的持续时间评估脱轨安全性。本文根据道岔运行试验得到的线路数据建议控制转向架的静态轮重减载率及其极限值。

Criteria for evaluating safety of railway vehicles concerning derailment are reviewed.In the case of quasi static wheel climb derailment,the safety criteria in current use are available.Recently oscillatory wheel load fluctuations of considerable amplitude have been observed on Shinkansen vehicles running at high speeds,but there were no established evaluation methods for the dynamic derailment under such a specific condition.Based on a study on these dynamic phenomena through computer simulation,we propose to use the time duration of Y/Q in order to assess the safety against derailment.Moreover,the necessity to control the right to left static wheel load unbalance ratio and its limit value on assembling bogies are suggested in this paper with field data obtained from turnout running tests.