论中古离别诗的意象

On the Image of Farewell Poem in Middle Ages

按照诗人所选物象与离别的关系来看,中古送别诗的离别意象主要有三种类型:空间隔离型、送别地名型、飞翔运动型。空间隔离型意象主要以两地遥不可及的物象或地名来表达诗人主观情意,经常运用的意象有歧路及两两相对的背反组合意象等;送别地点是送别诗一个重要的写作要素,像浦、亭、灞陵等泛指性地名在中古送别诗中已成为成熟的离别意象;飞翔运动式意象指飞鸟与那些能够自由运动的意象,如鸿鹄、别鹤、双飞翼、幻梦、浮萍等所表达的离别意味比较浓郁。

The images of farewell poem in Middle Ages have three main types according to the relations between the images and the departure. They are spatial separations, place names to farewelling and fling movements. Firstly, it expressed the poet subjective cordiality by the separation far away or the place. The crossroad and image on the contrary were utilized. Secondly, the place names are an important factor. There were water＇s edges, alcove and BaMansoleum in the farewell poems. Finally, the images to fling movements included the birds and the moving things, Such as swans, cranes, wings, dreams and duckweeds.