典型城市道路区域空气TSP和PM_(10)污染特征研究——以上海市为例

TSP and PM_(10) pollution characteristics of typical urban road atmospheric air——with Shanghai city as an example

为对空气中总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)的污染特征进行研究,采用KC-120H型智能中流量TSP和PM10采样器,运用重量法测定道路的TSP和PM10浓度.针对重车型比例大的典型城市—上海市,对其道路区域中TSP和PM10污染物随车型、绿化情况、洒水情况和天气等的变化情况进行分析,并采用统计分析方法对数据进行处理.研究结果表明:(1)TSP和PM10浓度的日变化特征为白天浓度高于夜间浓度,阴天浓度高于多云和晴朗天气,雨天浓度下降显著;(2)在一定车型比例范围内,TSP和PM10浓度随着重型车数量的增加逐渐增大;(3)有绿化隔离状况下,TSP和PM10浓度明显低于无绿化情况,高大乔木阻挡作用强于灌木丛生植物;(4)洒水车过后,TSP和PM10浓度显著下降;(5)PM10与TSP浓度值线性相关.

In order to discuss the pollution characteristic of the total suspended particulates（TSP）and suspended particles whose diameter less than 10 p,m （PMi0）, the concentration of the TSP and PMl0 was measured by KC-120H intelligent medium volume TSP and PM10 sampler using gravimetric method. For the typical urban whose vehicle percentage was large, Shanghai was taken as an example. The changes of TSP and PM10 pollutants with motor vehicle type, greening sit- uation, sprinkling situation and weather conditions were analysed, and the data were processed using statistical analysis method. The research results showed that： （1） the value of TSP and PMI0 concentration in daytime was higher than that in night, its value in overcast day was higher than that in cloudy and sunny day, and the value descended significantly in rainy days; （2） TSP and PM10 concentration value gradually increased as heavy trucks number increased in a certain mo- tor vehicle proportion range; （3） TSP and PM10 concentration value of greening area was significantly lower than that of no landscaping area, the obstruction affection of tall trees was stronger than that of bushes plants; （4） TSP and PM^0 concen- tration value significanly descended after sprinkles passing; （5） the relationship between TSP and PM10 concentration val- ue were linearly dependented.