海南文昌乡村汉族成人体型特征的研究

Somatotype of Han in rural areas of Wenchang in Hainan

运用Heath-Carter体型法对海南文昌乡村汉族成人407例（男性216例,女性191例）进行体型评定.结果显示：（1）海南乡村汉族的平均体型中,男性为偏内胚的中胚层体型（4.3-4.9-2.4）,女性为偏中胚层的内胚层体型（5.4-4.4-2.2）；（2）随年龄的增长,男性20～40岁之间,内、中因子值升高,外因子值降低.40岁以后,有内、中因子值降低和外因子值升高的趋势.女性60岁之前,内、中因子值呈上升而外因子值下降的趋势；（3）60岁之前,男、女间体型之间的差异有统计学意义,60岁以后无差异；（4）与其他乡村族群比较,海南乡村汉族男性的平均体型点与蒙古族最接近,女性与达斡尔族最为接近；（5）海南汉族的体型具有北方族群的特征.

The Heath-Carter somatotyping method was used to study the somatotype of 407 rural adults （216 males and 191 females） of Han in Wenchang county of Hainan province. The results showed that （ 1 ） The mean somatotype values of the male and female were 4.3-4.9-2.4 and 5.4-4.4-2.2 in rural districts respectively, which represented the endomorphic mesomorph category in the male and mesomorphic endomorph category in the female. （2）With their age increasing, the values of endomorphy and mesomorphy ascended, while the values of ectomorphy decreased in rural males from 20 to 40 years old. The values of endomorphy and mesomorphy decreased, while the values of ectomorphy ascended in rural males after 40 years. In female, the values of endomorphy and mesomorphy ascended, while the values of ectomorphy decreased before 60 years. （3） The rural adults of Han showed most statistical gender differences before 60 years, which disappeared after 60 years. （4） The somatotype of rural males was close to those of Mongol, but the somatotype of rural females was close to those of Daur. （5） The somatotype of rural adults of Han in Hainan was close to northern ethnic groups in China.