涂尔干社会学宗教观解读

Durkheim's Religious View of Sociology

在其晚年最重要的著作《宗教生活的基本形式》中,涂尔干去除了宗教起源的神秘面纱,将社会性赋予宗教,向人们呈现了一种源于社会本身的宗教形式。自始至终,涂尔干采用社会学方法研究宗教,使宗教研究脱离了神秘主义色彩,走向实证途经。经过一番实证分析,涂尔干最终将宗教引入社会学领域,使其成为落入社会学一章的研究,从而开始了他对宗教的社会学分析与探究。涂尔干认为人们的宗教崇拜情结源于日常生活。涂尔干独特的研究理念为人们开辟了从社会学角度研究宗教的先河,促使人们通过人的基本社会活动理解宗教崇拜的意义,探求宗教信仰所彰显的社会效果。

In the most important works of his later years ＂ The Basic form of Religious Life＂ , Durkheim removes the mysterious veil of religious origins, gives society to religion and present religious form from society. From beginning to end, Durkheim stud- ies religion by sociological method and makes religion to empirical approaches apart from mysticism. After some empirical analy- sis, Durkheim finally introduces religion into the field of sociology, making it fall into sociology, and thus begins his sociological analysis and explores on religion. Durkheim thinks that people＇s religious worshiping comes from the daily life. Durkheim＇s unique concept opens up a precedent study for religion from sociology, and encourages people to understand the significance of religious worship and explore the social effect of religious belief by highlighting the basic human social activities.