鲟鱼养殖亲鱼群体遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Sturgeon Broodstocks from Hatchery

为了解繁育基地养殖鲟鱼亲鱼的遗传背景,利用线粒体控制区部分序列对49个鲟鱼亲鱼中遗传多样性进行分析.结果表明：检鲟鱼亲鱼（目的序列长度412～420 bp）可以划分为3大类：E（达氏鲟,Acipenserdabryanus）、B（中华鲟,Acipenser sinensi）、D（史氏鲟,Acipenser schrencki）类,分别包括3、2、13个单倍型,多态位点分别有13、15、30个,单倍型多样度（Hd）分别为0.417、0.2、0.853,核苷酸多样性（Pi）分别为0.005 41、0.007 28、0.013 14,平均核苷酸差异数（K）分别为2.222、3、5.52.同类各单倍型之间的遗传距离为0.002 39 ～ 0.059 44,不同类鲟鱼单倍型之间的遗传距离在0.045 72 ～0.221 27.表明,3类鲟鱼亲鱼群体遗传多样性均较丰富.

Mitochondrial control region （D-loop） gene segments were applied to analyze and determine the genetic diversity of sturgeon broodstocks from a hatchery.The length of target sequences for the 49 individuals which were examined was 412-420 bp.All samples could be fallen into three groups：E（Acipenser dabryanus）,B（Acipenser sinensis） and D（Acipenser schrencki） group,which consisted of 3,2 and 13 haplotypes,and existed 13,15 and 30 polymorphic sites,respectively.The haplotypic diversity（Hd） was 0.417,0.2 and 0.853,respectively.The nucleotide diversity（Pi） was 0.005 41,0.007 28 and 0.013 14,respectively.The average number of nucleotide differences（K） was 2.222,3 and 5.52,respectively.The genetic distance among intra-group and extra-group haplotypes changed from 0.00239to 0.05944,0.04572 to 0.22127,respectively.The results suggest that every group presents relatively high genetic diversity,and also propose that the parent fish should be selected from different haplotypes,aiming to reduce the inbred risk in fry production of sturgeon greatly.