如何“先试先行”?——央地互动视角下的政策试点启动机制

How to Play a Leading and Exploratory Role?

"政策试点"在中国治理实践中的普遍性和重要性有目共睹,有必要对其运行过程进行深入考察。作为整个试点过程的首要环节,试点项目的启动,通常在中央政府的"推动力"和地方政府"竞争力"这两个基本因素的交互作用下展开。中央政府推动力度强弱的不等、地方政府竞争程度的不一,会共同对试点项目的启动产生影响,进而形成争取、指定、追认、自发四种类型的试点触发机制。

Since Policy Pilot has obviously universal and important significance for China＇s governing practices, it is necessary to study deeply its operating process. As the most important part of a whole process, the starting of Policy Pilot is usually developed with the interaction between the central government＇s driving force and local governments＇competing force. The differences of the central government＇ s driving force and the degree of local governments＇ competing force can have a comprehensive influence on the starting forms and then form four types of pilot triggering mechanism： striving, assigning, subsequently confirming and spontaneous.