从《金瓶梅》、《红楼梦》等看宋元明清汉语“洗涤”语义场

Viewing the Semantic Field of “Wash” in Chinese in Dynasties of Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Through “Jin Ping Mei” and “A Dream of Red Mansions” etc.

宋元明清时期,汉语"洗涤"语义场在所考资料中存有12个义场成员——"沐"、"浴"、"澡"、"盥"、"浣(澣)"、"濯"、"洗1"、"涤"、"漱"、"淘"、"荡"、"涮"。义场格局发生了丰富的变化。有旧词的消亡、旧词的复出、新词的产生和原有成员的发展演变。

In Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, semantic field of the Chinese expression ＂洗涤＂ （wash） had 12 members - ＂沐＂ （ wash one’s hair）, ＂浴＂,＂澡＂ （ both bathe ）,＂盥＂ （ wash the hands or face）, ＂浣 （澣 ）＂ （ wash clothes）,＂濯＂ （ wash one＇s feet ＂淘＂ （ clean out） ,＂荡＂ （ wash away） ,＂涮＂ words died out or appeared again, new words ） ,＂ 洗1＂ （ broad sense of wash ） ,＂涤＂ （ cleanse ）, ＂漱＂ （ gargle ）, （rinse）. The patterns of semantic field changed greatly, where old emerged and all the original members evolved.