日语复合动词能产性的修辞学阐释——以“見+V”复合动词为例

Productivity of Japanese Compound Verbs and Rhetoric Expatiation:Taking Compound Verbs “Mi+ V” as Examples

复合动词"見+V"在日本人的日常生活中使用率很高。其多义性主要来自于前项动词"見る"的语义扩展,其中修辞机能起到很大的作用。在该复合动词中,前项"見る"表示视觉的自然特性、物质力量和监测作用的三项语义来自视觉活动的原型域,在隐喻和转喻的修辞机能下,语义扩展为表示观察判断、对待处置、认知经验的目标域。

The word formation ability of the compound verb ＂Mi ＋ V＂ is observed from the perspective of the semantic expansion of the preceding verb with the study of some examples. The polysemy of the compound verb ＂Mi -k V＂ comes from the semantic expansion of the preceding verb, in which the rhetori- cal function plays a significant role. In this kind of compound verbs, the expanded meanings expressed by the preceding item ＂Mi＂, namely, the natural quality of ＂seeing＂, the material reference and that of in- spection, come from the original activity of ＂seeing＂. With the help of the metaphorical and metonymical conversion, the semantic expansion of the compound verb ＂Mi ＋ V＂ turns to judgment, treatment, dis- posal and experience.