核电厂先进控制室人因工程V&V方法体系探讨

Study on human factor engineering V&V method system of advanced main control room in nuclear plant

核电厂先进控制室是人机接口最为集中的地方,运行人员通过人机接口对整个核电厂进行监控,以应对核电厂正常运行、瞬态、异常、设计基准事故和严重事故等各种工况,提高运行人员效能、降低人员失误将会直接提高核电厂的安全性和经济性。基于此,需要建立一套验证与确认方法对运行人员的工作负荷、人机接口与人的匹配性等因素进行合理的评价,找出可能导致人因失误的各个薄弱环节,为优化人机接口、规范运行人员的行为提供依据。本文重点从验证评价准则的制定、验证计划、验证分类、验证方法的选择和实施步骤、评价方法以及验证结果的处理多个方面进行了详细阐述,形成了功能可用性验证与确认、任务支持验证与确认和人因工程设计验证与确认三个类型验证的不同方法体系,并对三种方法进行了详细介绍,为核电站先进控制室及人因工程的验证与确认活动提供了参考和依据。

The main control room of nuclear power station is the most centralized place of human-machine-interface.The operator monitors and controls the overall plant by HMIs to solve all kinds of conditions including normal operation and abnormal,design-triggered accidents.Improving human performance and reducing human error can improve safety and economic level of nuclear plant.Based on the above,a set of V＆V methods are established to evaluate reasonably many key factors including work lords of operator and compatible quality between human and HMIs,to find the weak points of HMIs which may lead human errors.Thus it may provide the bases to optimize HMIs and standardize operators＇ behavior. This article describes the establishment of V＆V evaluation criteria,plan,type of V＆V,the choice of methods,implementation steps,evoluation methods and result management,etc.Three kinds of V＆V methods are built：function usability V＆V,task support V＆V and HFE V＆V.Additionally,it gives detailed description for these three methods.