新型城镇化的社会资本效应研究

The Social Capital Effect of New Urbanization

阐述新型城镇化的新思路,指出新型农村社区建设将成为新型城镇化未来的发展方向,并以此为研究切入点,结合河南新型农村社区的建设情况,运用社会资本理论解释说明新型城镇化对农民、农村的影响。发现新型城镇化在微观层面通过产业带动,促使农民工返乡临近就业,显著地缓解"空巢老人"和"留守儿童"问题;中观层面上通过拉近、扩展、强化邻里关系,增强了乡村社会关系网络的信任、互惠和规范作用;宏观层面上通过空间集聚,大大增加了居民的公共领域及其利益交叉,进而增强居民的民主参与意识。这是结合社会热点对社会资本理论的全新运用,丰富深刻了新型城镇化的内涵和作用,揭示了新型城镇化对中国乡村社会的重构效应,具有一定的理论意义;同时,帮助政府发现新型城镇化过程中的问题和漏洞,完善制度等,具有一定的应用价值。

In this paper,a new idea of new urbanization is put forward that is the construction of new rural communities will become the development direction of new urbanization in the future.In order to demonstrate the idea above,the influence of new urbanization on farmers and country is studied by using the combined theory of social capital and conditions of the construction of new rural community in Henan province.At the micro level,industrial flow promotes migrant workers returning home and finding job nearby,thus it can significantly ease the ＂empty nester＂ and ＂left-behind children＂ problems.At the medium level,through narrowing,extending,and strengthening the neighborhood relations,the network of rural social relations of trust,reciprocity,and normative role can be enhanced.At the macro level,through spatial agglomeration,the public and overlapped interests are greatly enhanced.Moreover,the sense of democratic participation of residents is strengthened.It is a new use of social capital theory for the social hot spots and has a certain theoretical significance.The connotation and function of the new urbanization are enriched,and the effects of China＇s rural social reconstruction are revealed.At the same time,it has the practical value for the government to find new urbanization problems and improve the system.