商标法上在先权救济机制的质疑及重构

The Doubt and Reconstruction of the Existing Prior Rights Relief System of Trademark Act

我国法律规定商标评审乃注册商标争议诉讼之前置程序,但在先权受到侵害的利害关系人仍有权依其他相关法律提起民事侵权诉讼。这种循环诉讼体制下,必然造成大量的行政司法资源浪费。此外,商评委与法院分别审查商标案件事实的双轨制模式也无可避免地会出现矛盾裁判。有鉴于此,我国应当重构在先权救济机制,将商标评审委员会审理在先权纠纷的职能转移给各地法院。由法院继承相关审理职能,一方面可以缓解商标评审委员会审理的压力,缩减当事人获得救济的时间,节约司法行政资源,另一方面,还可以通过法院间的协调,消除矛盾裁判。

The law of China stipulates that the review and adjudication of trademark is a pre-procedure of the civil procedure of the registered trademark.However,the party shall have the rights to file a civil lawsuit under other related laws if his prior rights are violated.This cycle of litigation system will inevitably waste the administrative judicial resources.In addition,double-mode system of The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board and court examining trademark case inevitably will cause contradictive referee.Therefore,the prior right relief mechanism should be reconstructed.The function of Trademark Review and Adjudication Board hearing prior rights disputes should be transferred to the local courts.The court trial functions for inheritance,on one hand,can release the Trademark Appraisal Committee hearing pressure,reduce the relief time,saving judicial resources,on the other hand,they can eliminate contradictions through the coordination between the courts.