贵州思雅河河谷地区喀斯特峰丛石漠苔藓植物群落研究

Distribution of Bryophyte Communities from Karst Peak Cluster Rock Desertification in Valley of Siya River,Guizhou Province

采用样带调查取样法,初步分析贵州思雅河河谷地区的喀斯特石漠区4座受人类活动影响频繁的峰丛以及3个坡段(坡底、坡中、坡顶)上的苔藓植物群落,研究苔藓植物群落在不同峰丛及其不同坡段的分布规律。结果显示:(1)在研究区域内,苔藓植物群落组成有8科19属40种,而且苔藓植物群落分为19个类型,其中纯群落有14个,常见群落有穗枝赤齿藓群落、真藓群落和卷叶湿地藓群落。(2)由于强烈的人类活动造成的干燥、贫瘠的环境,该区域苔藓主要生活型只有矮丛集型和交织型。(3)在这种特殊生境下,苔藓植物群落的丰富性也随着人类干扰范围的增大而减小。(4)在每座峰丛的不同坡段中,穗枝赤齿藓群落有着最大的综合优势比。推测穗枝赤齿藓群落对治理此类人为造成的石漠化生境具有实际应用潜力。

The bryophyte communities were preliminarily studied by the method of transect sampling from four peak clusters and three slope sections （lower slope,middle slope,upper slope） of karst rock desertification which were influenced by human actions in valley of Siya River,Guizhou Province.The distribution of the bryophyte communities in different peak cluster and different slope section was studied.The results are as follows：（1）The bryoflora of this site includes 8 families,19 genera and 40 species.There are 19 types of bryophyte communities in the area.Among them,14 types are pure communities.The dominant communities are E.julaceum,B.argenteum and H.involuta.（2）There are two very important life-forms,which are wefts and short turfs occurring on the area owing to dry and barren environment affected by human actions.（3）The richness of the bryophyte communities is reducing with the expansion of human action area in this special environment.（4）The results indicated that the E.julaceum has the potential value to control rock desertification contribution which was made by human actions to its highest summed dominance ratio.