利用SRAP和SSR标记构建空间诱变新选玉米自交系指纹图谱

Construction of Fingerprinting Using SRAP and SSR Markers for Maize Inbred Lines by Space Flight

为了解空间诱变新选玉米自交系在DNA分子水平上的变异特征,以玉米自交系S37、21-ES以及从这两个自交系空间诱变后代新选自交系A318和SCML104为材料,采用SRAP和SSR两种分子标记进行遗传多态性分析。结果显示自交系S37和A318间存在较大的遗传差异,SRAP标记的平均多态性比率为19.1%,SSR标记的平均多态性比率为19.8%;自交系21-ES和SCML104间的遗传差异相对较小,SRAP和SSR标记检测到的多态性比率分别为9.0%和5.7%。S37和A318的SSR多态性引物在10条染色体上都有分布,部分位点呈现多个多态性引物富集区,21-ES和SCML104的多态性引物主要分布在玉米的第5、6和7号染色体。以上分析表明,空间诱变新选玉米自交系与原自交系间存在不同程度的遗传差异,说明空间诱变与其它物理诱变或化学诱变一样是一条行之有效的诱变育种新途径。

In order to detect the variation characteristics at molecular level on maize inbred line by space flight, four maize inbred lines S37, 21-ES, A318 and SCML104 were selected as experimental materials, and genetic polymorphism analysis was conducted with four maize inbred lines using two molecular markers SRAP and SSR. The results showed that the large genetic differences were appeared between S37 and A318, SRAP and SSR markers detected polymorphism rate were 19.1% and 19.8% respectively; for inbred lines 21-ES and SCML104, SRAP and SSR markers detected polymorphism rate were 9.0% and 5.7% respectively. SSR polymorphisms primer between S37 and A318 had distribution in maize 10 chromosomes, and part of site presented multiple polymorphisms primers assemble. For 21-ES and SCML104, polymorphisms primers were mainly distributed in the maize 5, 6 and 7 chromosomes. The above analysis showed that genetic differences were real existent between maize inbred line of the space mutation breeding and original inbred line, and proved space flight process can actually lead to genetic materials changes, space mutation is a new effective way for maize inbred line breeding.