肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的形成及其与肿瘤微环境的关系

Development of Tumor-Associated Macrophage and Its Relationship with Tumor Microenvironment

当机体发生恶性肿瘤时，外周血单核细胞浸润至肿瘤间质，逐步分化为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（tumor-associated macrophage，TAM）。在大多数恶性肿瘤中，TAM具有M2型巨噬细胞的表型和功能。其形成过程与肿瘤微环境密切相关。肿瘤细胞分泌的细胞因子、肿瘤细胞外基质、肿瘤免疫微环境和缺氧环境均可促进TAM的形成。反之，TAM可释放多种细胞因子，促进肿瘤生长、侵袭、血管和淋巴管新生。因此，研究TAM形成与肿瘤微环境的关系对于肿瘤靶向治疗具有重要意义。

When malignant tumors occur, peripheral blood monocytes can be recruited into the tumor stroma, where they gradually differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） . In most malignant tumors, the phenotype and function of TAMs are similar to those of M2 macropha- ges, and the formation of TAMs is closely related to tumor microenvironment. Cytokines secreted by tumor cells, tumor extracellular matrix, tumor immune microenvironment and hypoxia environment all can promote the formation of TAMs. Meanwhile, TAMs can release a variety of cytokines, promoting tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Studying the relationship between TAMs formation and tumor microenvironment is of great significance for tumor targeting therapy.