滴眼液中防腐剂的利弊及其使用对策

Preservatives in eyedrops： the advantages, the disadvantages and the countermeasure of use

多剂量滴眼液如果主药本身不具有充分的抗菌活性就应添加适宜的防腐剂，以防止在使用过程中因微生物污染对眼造成的危害，但长期应用含防腐剂（主要是苯扎氯铵）的滴眼液对眼表的损伤已从体内外实验及临床研究中得到充分证实。控制滴眼液的微生物污染并减轻滴眼液中防腐剂对眼表的损害是一项系统工程，其中既有药品监管部门的职责和医护人员合理用药的责任，又需要科研工作者的创新性研究，从而使广大眼病患者获得更大的利益。

Preservative is added to muhidose eyedrops to ensure that the eyedrops do not become heavily contaminated during patient use, if the active component in the eyedrops do not have a potent antimicrobial effect. There is a large body of evidence from experimental and clinical studies showing that the long-term use of eyedrops with preservative may induce ocular surface damage. It is a system engineering to control the microbial contamination of eyedrops and to relieve ocular surface damage of preservatives. It is the responsibility of drug regulatory departments,the duty of the medicine workers, and the innovativeness studys of the scientific researcher. Then, the best benefit is acquired by the extensive patient with eye disorders.