3M自粘弹性绷带与弹力袜预防下肢骨折术后患者深静脉血栓的效果比较

A comparative study on the effect of stretch stockings and 3M elastic bandage on prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients with fracture of lower limb after operation

目的 对比研究3M弹性绷带与弹力袜对预防下肢骨折术后深静脉血栓发生情况的影响.方法 选取2011年1月到2012年12月的108例下肢骨折患者按年龄、性别配对分为两组,对照组是常规护理加弹力袜护理（54例）,干预组是常规护理加3M弹力袜护理组（54例）,比较两组护理方法在骨折后深静脉血栓的发生率和平均住院天数.结果 两组均无肢体坏死及肺栓塞发生,对照组的平均住院日为（31.02.7）d,干预组的平均住院日为（22.03.1）d,干预组组的住院日明显缩短,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（t=3.68,P=0.012）.对照组组发生深静脉血栓11例（20.3％）,而干预组仅有3例（5.5％）,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为3.68,5.25;P值分别为0.012,0.042）.结论 3M弹性绷带较传统的弹力袜相比,可以明显减少下肢骨折术后患者的下肢深静脉血栓发生概率,减小平均住院日.

Objective To explore the effect of stretch stockings and 3M elastic bandage on prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients with fracture of lower hmb after operation.Methods During the period from January 2011 to December 2012,108 patients were divided into two groups according their sex and age.The control group was treated by the stretch stockings and routine nursing,while the experimental group was treated by 3M elastic bandage and routine nursing.The incidence of deep vein thrombosis and the average of hospital days were compared and analyzed between two groups after fracture.Results No lower limbs necrosis and pulmonary embolism happened in all patients.The average of hospital days were （31.0 ± 2.7） d in the control group,and longer than （22.0 ±3.1） d in the experimental group,and the difference was statistically significant （t =3.68,P =0.012）.The incidence of deep vein thrombosis was 20.3％ （11 cases） in the control group,and 5.5％ （3 cases） in the experimental group,and the differences were statistically significant （x2 =3.68,5.25,respectively; P =0.012,0.042,respectively）.Conclusions Compared with the traditional method using stretch stockings,the new method using 3M elastic bandage can decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and reduce the average of hospital days in patients with fracture.Its clinical application is worth promoting.