武警官兵膝关节损伤影响因素分析

Analysis of knee injuries occurred in CAPF soldiers and its prevention

目的探讨武警官兵训练过程中膝关节损伤的部位及致伤因素，为健康教育及制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法依据《中国人民解放军军事训练伤诊断分类标准》，以武警总医院2010年9月～2012年9月两年时间住院治疗的402例因军事训练导致的膝关节损伤患者作为调研对象，并对官兵入院前致伤因素和入院后的最后诊断进行统计以分析。结果膝关节损伤部位前三位排列依次为：半月板损伤、前交叉韧带损伤、内侧副韧带损伤。在致伤因素方面，其中3km、5km，8km越野和400m障碍训练科目对膝关节的损伤明显高于变速跑及其他训练科目。而膝关节损伤和患者的兵龄有相关性，新兵膝关节损伤明显高于二年兵及二年以上老兵。结论武警官兵训练过程中，膝关节的损伤非常常见，对新兵的健康教育及有效预防是减少损伤，提高部队战斗力的关键。

Objective To explore specific parts and causes of a knee injury in military drills, and provide reference for the prevention measures. Methods Referring to the Chinese People＇s Liberation Army Military Training Injuries Diagnostic Classification Standard, an analysis was conducted on 402 knee injured patients admitted in between September; 2010 and September, 2012, including the causes of knee injuries and the result of diagnosis. Results The first three types of knee injury were meniscus injury, anterior cruciate ligament injury, and medial collateral ligament injury. The main causes of the injuries were 3 km, 5 km, 8 km off-road and 400 m hurdles training, which were significantly higher than other drill courses. Moreover, knee injury was also related to the soldiers＇ years of service. New recruits＇ knee injury was significantly higher than those of two years and above. Conclusion As the knee injury is commonly seen in the military drills, the prevention education is considered being a key to reduce the injury incurrence.