低浓度铅接触女工血铅与红细胞游离原卟啉的关系

Relationship between blood lead and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin of female workers exposed to low concentration of lead operating environment

为研究低浓度铅作业对女工是否有影响 ,调查了铅接触浓度 (时间加权平均浓度 )为0 .0 315 mg/ m3的女工 82名 ,分别测定血游离原卟啉 (FEP)、血铅、尿铅。结果表明 FEP、血铅、尿铅与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。指标间相关性较好呈剂量 -反应关系。血铅和 FEP阳性检出率分别为2 0 .73%和 2 1.95 % ,2项均超过正常上限的检出率 (13.4% )。智商 IQ值为 6 0～ 79、80～ 89、90～ 10 9、110～119者 FEP≥ 0 .90 μmol/ L的阳性检出率分别为 2 7.6 %、2 2 .6 %、15 .0 %和 0 %。在 FEP各个水平段上神经系统总症状发生率均明显高于对照组 ,尤以 FEP值在 0 .36～ 0 .5 4μmol/ L 总症状发生率最高 ,分别为2 0 8.32 %和 5 8.74%。把神经系统各症状按头痛、头昏、记忆力减退和睡眠障碍、心悸、多汗分组比较 。

The thesis focused in the research on whether low lead operation would have effects on female workers. Based on investigation of 82 female workers under an operation environment with lead concentration of 0 0315mg/m 3, the following report indicated that differences did exist in terms of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin(FEP),lead blood(Pb-B) and lead urine(Pb-U) values between the exposure and control groups. Pb-B, FEP and Pb-U were found closely interrelated and comparatively sensitive. Dose response relationship was discovered in the process, positive percentage of Pb-B and FEP were 20 73% and 21 95% respectively, 13 4% above the maximal standard in both cases. In consequence, it was concluded that exposure to the 0 0315mg/m 3 lead concentration (0 03mg/m 3 being the normal) was still harmful to the female workers. Apart from that, the article suggested that the upper limit of lead in blood for common women (in Changchun city) was properly defined at 1 46 μmol/L.With FEP as the standard, the article made repective comparisons on the female workers' intelligence quotient (IQ) and the symptom occurrence of the neural system. People with IQ value between 60 to 79, 80 to 89, 90 to 109 or 110 to 119, the rates of showing positive report with FEP≥0 90μmol/L were 27 6%,22 6% and 15 0% respectively. The general occurrence rate on various level of FEP was obviously higher than that of the control group. The highest occurrence rate of 208 32% and 58 74% appeared when the FEP value was between 0 36μmol/L to 0 54μmol/L. When we made the comparison according to different symptoms as headache, dizziness, hypomnesis, somnipathy, palpitation and ephidrosis, the occurrence rate of headache was distinctively highter than that of the somnipathy.